Scholarly Peer Reviewed Journal Articles on the Great Recession and Effect on the Nursing Profession

Male Nurses

Co-ordinate to the latest statistics, male nurses represent just a pocket-size fraction of the nursing workforce in the United States (http://www.highbeam.com/). The popular notion that nursing is not for men and admission chapters constraints of Nursing Schools seem to exist major obstacles towards bringing more men to the profession. Although male nurses frequently face the challenges of gender bigotry, peculiarly in specialties like obstetrics and gynecology, where, women often adopt to have female nurses, male nurses frequently end up in leadership roles and in specialties like intensive care, emergency and operating room nursing (http://world wide web.jscms.com/).

Attitudes, gender office perceptions, intimate care issues, nurse shortage, retentiveness and motivation influence the professional presence of men in nursing to a peachy extent.

Attitudes

A recent report to examine the relationship betwixt six demographic variables
of 174 respondents and acceptance of males in the nursing profession by multiple regression analysis has indicated that only two of the variables, namely, respondents' educational level and sex, significantly predict the attitudes toward male nurses (Laroche and Livneh, 1983).

Gender Role Perceptions

Although studies indicate an overall positive acceptance of men in nursing, they do indicate a demand for professional adaptations in core issues like care for men to remain and flourish in the profession. Studies have too shown that men entering a predominantly female profession are perceived more deviant than women (Hesselbart, 1977). A quantitative not-experimental descriptive study to elucidate quantitatively the gender office perceptions of male nurses using the Short-course Bem Sexual practice Office Inventory has shown that adherence to the female gender role is an important prerequisite to caring and adoption of facets of the female gender function may not exist unique to male nurses (Loughery, 2008). Studies have as well shown that men feel the process of nursing differently than women (Anthony, 2006). A contempo report into gender bug in nursing has establish male person nurses existence stereotyped both outside and inside the profession every bit homosexuals, low achievers and feminine-like (Armstrong and Fiona, 2002). A social constructionist study to examine the construction of the stereotype of male nurses as gay and to draw the touch on on male nurses has shown that despite the fact that male nurses are professionals who care the same way as female nurses, stereotyping them every bit homosexuals does exist exposing male person nurses to homophobia in the workplace. Sex role stereotype in nursing has been shown to elicit function strains in male nurses using a Role Strain Instrument in a sample of 367 randomly selected male RNs in Oregon (Egeland and Chocolate-brown, 1988). Such stigmatizing factors form a barrier to patient care, deter men'southward entry into the profession and play a major role in issues related to retention (Harding, 2007). Published evidence also suggests that success of men in nursing is disproportionate and male nurses face gender-based disadvantage compared with that of women (Tracey and Nicholl, 2007). Contempo research studies take shown that male nurses face gender-based barriers fifty-fifty during their nursing instruction programs (Keogh and O'Lynn, 2007).

On the other hand, studies on the result of nurse gender on nurse and patient perceptions of nurse care by ii-gene ANOVA take shown that no pregnant differences in actual caring exists based on nurse gender from either from the nurse or the patient perspective although male person nurses exhibit lower caring behaviours (Ekstrom, 1999). Studies also suggest that even in female-dominated occupations such every bit nursing, patriarchal gender relations which reverberate a high valuation of all that is male person and masculine, play a significant part in placing a significant number of men in administrative and elite specialty positions and male nurses employ strategies that allow them to distance themselves from female colleagues and the feminine epitome of nursing (Evans, 1997).

Intimate Care Issues

A semi-structured, open-concluded study of male nurses' experiences of providing intimate intendance for women clients has identified 3 themes namely, the definition of intimate care, the emotional experience associated with providing intimate care and strategies used to assist in the delivery of intimate care for women clients. A latent content analysis of the data obtained has shown that providing intimate care for women clients is a challenging feel for male nurses due to situations that demand invasion of clients' personal space (Inoue et.al, 2006). Another exploratory cross sectional survey study to explore the role of men every bit obstetrical nurses using structured and open-ended questions in a sample of 599 male Registered Nurses by univariate, bivariate and logistic regression has shown that most male nurses lack interest in working in the specialty of obstetrics (McRae, 2003).

Nurse shortage

Statistics show that the full number of nurses working in the healthcare field in the United states of america has decreased from 2,669,603 in the year 2000 to 2,262,020 in twelvemonth 2001(Globe Health Arrangement, 2006). This shortage can be defined by either a demand based approach or a ratio technique. The need based arroyo identifies the number of professionals needed to perform sure tasks based on the judgment of a nursing or a medical professional. The ratio technique compares the current professional population ratio to a projected future ratio and identifies a difference equally a shortage (Lane and Gohmann, 1995). Recruiting more men into nursing is viewed as a fashion to address the increasing critical shortage of nurses.

Motivation and Retention

A descriptive qualitative research study to explore male nurses' motivations for condign a nurse, reveal their professional developmental process in nursing, understand the difficulties hindering their professional evolution and place the strategies they use to cope with these difficulties in a convenience sample of fifteen male nurses has shown that the difficulties encountered past male nurses during career development are related to the gender expectations of patients and male nurses better their professional noesis and skills to obtain college levels of satisfaction and ameliorate opportunities for promotion (Cheng-I et.al, 2004). A report designed to increment agreement of the career choices of men in nursing by exploring what they find important in their career, their sex role identity and their personality components using Of import Components of a Career Calibration, Bem Sexual practice Part Inventory, and the Cattell 16 Personality Factor Measure in a total sample population of 1,000 has shown that male person nurses value relationship-oriented components of their careers. Men seem to exist more interested in the technical aspect of nursing. A national survey amongst intensive-care nurses, to institute if male nurses and female nurses can be distinguished with reference to career orientation and preference for technical departments has shown that there is an over-representation of men in technical wards and at IC/CCU units and male person nurses seem to be particularly oriented towards upgrading their own professional status (Dassen et.al, 1990). A recent study to explore the motive of men to choose nursing as their profession using a 52-item questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to the profession and reasons for choosing the profession has shown that an early exposure to the profession and ethnic background are prominent factors in this motivation procedure (Romem and Anson, 2005). Another recent study to explore the motive of men for entering nursing has identified career opportunities, chore security and salary every bit important factors. The study has likewise highlighted sexual stereotypes, lack of recruitment strategies, female-oriented profession and lack of male office models every bit barriers (Meadus and Twomey, 2007).

Conclusion

Male nurses represent just a minor fraction of the nursing workforce in the The states. Although recruiting more than men into nursing is viewed as a way to accost the disquisitional shortage of nurses, meaning professional barriers deter male entry into the profession.

References

• Craig LeMoult (2006). Why So Few Male Nurses? http://jscms.jrn.columbia.edu/cns/2006-04-18/lemoult-malenurses.
• Dassen TW, Nijhuis FJ and Philipsen H (1990). Male and Female Nurses in Intensive-Care Wards in kingdom of the netherlands. J Adv Nurs.15(4):387-393.
• Edward Laroche and Hanoch Livneh (1983). Regressional Analysis of Attitudes toward Male Nurses. Journal of Psychology.113.
• Egeland JW and Brownish JS (1988). Sex Role Stereotyping and Role Strain of Male Registered Nurses. Res Nurs Wellness.11(4):257-267.
• Ekstrom DN (1999). Gender and Perceived Nurse Caring In Nurse-Patient Dyads. J Adv Nurs. 29(half dozen):1393-401.
• Evans J (1997). Men in Nursing: Problems of Gender Segregation and Subconscious Reward. J Adv Nurs .26(2):226-231.
• Galbraith M (1991). Attracting Men to Nursing: What Will They Notice Important in their Career? J Nurs Educ. 30(four):182-186.
• Harding T (2007). The Construction of Men Who are Nurses as Gay. J Adv Nurs. sixty(half dozen):636-644.
• Inoue Madoka, Chapman Rose and Wynaden Dianne (2006). Male Nurses' Experiences Of Providing Intimate Treat Women Clients. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 55(5); 559-567.
• Inoue, Madoka, Chapman, Rose, Wynaden and Dianne (2006). Male Nurses' Experiences Of Providing Intimate Intendance For Women Clients. Journal of Avant-garde Nursing.55(5); 559-567.
• Johnson M, Catalyst S and Canada B (1984). Attitudes toward Nursing equally Expressed by Nursing and Non-Nursing College Males. J Nurs Educ. 23(nine):387-92.
• Julia Lane, Stephan Gohmann (1995). Shortage or Surplus: Economic and Noneconomic Approaches to the Analysis of Nursing Labor Markets. Southern Economic Periodical, 61.
• Keogh B and O'Lynn C (2007). Male person Nurses' Experiences of Gender Barriers: Irish gaelic and American Perspectives. Nurse Educ. 32(6):256-9.
• Loughrey and Marker (2008). But how male are male person nurses..? Journal of Clinical Nursing.17(10); 1327-1334.
• Marker Loughery (2008). Only How Male person Are Male Nurses? Journal of Clinical Nursing. 17(10); 1327-1334.
• McRae MJ (2003). Men in Obstetrical Nursing: Perceptions of the Role. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs.28(3):167-173.
• Meadus and Twomey (2007). Men in Nursing: Making the Right Choice. Can Nurse. 103(ii):xiii-half dozen.
• Romem P and Anson O (2005). Israeli Men in Nursing: Social and Personal Motives. J Nurs Manag.13(2):173-8.
• Tracey C and Nicholl H (2007). The Multifaceted Influence of Gender in Career Progress in Nursing. J Nurs Manag. 15(7):677-682.
• Villeneuve MJ (1994). Recruiting and Retaining Men in Nursing: A Review of the Literature. J Prof Nurs.10(four):217-28.
• World Health Organization. (2006). The World Health Report 2006 - Working Together For Health. [Electronic Version]. Retrieved October 10, 2006 from http://world wide web.who.int/whr/2006/addendum/06_annex4_en.pdf.
• Yang Cheng-I et.al (2004).  Professional Career Development for Male person Nurses. Periodical of Avant-garde Nursing. 48 (6); 642-650.

Copyright 2008- American Social club of Registered Nurses (ASRN.ORG)-All Rights Reserved

huntfamenig.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.asrn.org/journal-nursing/374-men-in-nursing.html